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Accounting Research Manager(TM)
Weekly Summary of Developments
September 29 - October 3, 2008
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Accounting Research Manager subscriber,

The Accounting Research Manager database now contains this week's weekly summary of developments. Click the link below to access and print the fully-formatted Weekly Summary:

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If you do not have immediate Internet access to the Accounting Research Manager database, below is the text of this week's Weekly Summary.

Accounting and SEC Headlines

Disclosure Checklists -- Disclosure Checklists Updated through September 30, 2008
Fair Value Measurements -- FASB and SEC Issue Guidance on the Application of Statement 157
Fair Value Measurements -- Minutes of September 23, 2008 Valuation Resource Group Meeting
Regulation S-K -- SEC Publishes Technical Amendment to Reflect PCOAB Rule
SEC Reporting -- SEC Staff Updates Exchange Act Compliance and Disclosure Interpretations
Acquisitions -- FASB to Discuss Mergers and Acquisitions by Not-for-Profits and Other Matters
EITF Matters -- September 10, 2008 Meeting Minutes Issued
Audit Risk -- AICPA Issues Audit Risk Alerts
IASB Update -- IASB Discusses Responses to Credit Market Crisis

Auditing and Internal Controls Headlines

Auditor Communications -- Auditing Standard on Communicating Internal Control Related Matters Issued
Auditing Standards -- AICPA Publishes Exposure Draft of Preface to Codification of Auditing Standards and Objectives of the Independent Auditor
Audit Risk -- AICPA Issues Audit Risk Alerts
Internal Controls -- AICPA Issues Standard on Examination of an Entity's Internal Control over Financial Reporting

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ACCOUNTING AND SEC HEADLINES:
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Disclosure Checklists -- Disclosure Checklists Updated through September 30, 2008

As discussed in our Literature Update, the General U.S. GAAP Financial Statement Disclosures Checklist has been updated through September 30, 2008:
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

The disclosure requirements of the following have been incorporated into this checklist:

-EITF Issue No. 08-5, "Issuer's Accounting for Liabilities Measured at Fair Value with a Third-Party Credit Enhancement"; and
-FASB Staff Position (FSP) FAS 133-1 and FIN 45-4, Disclosures about Credit Derivatives and Certain Guarantees: An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 and FASB Interpretation No. 45; and Clarification of the Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 161.

We have also updated: (a) the General U.S. GAAP Interim Financial Statement Disclosures Checklist through September 30, 2008, to reflect the interim disclosures required by the above documents; and (b) the Industry-Specific Disclosures Checklist: Not-for-Profit Organizations to reflect the disclosure requirements included in FSP FAS 117-1, Endowments of Not-for-Profit Organizations: Net Asset Classification of Funds Subject to an Enacted Version of the Uniform Prudent Management of Institutional Funds Act, and Enhanced Disclosures for All Endowment Funds.

We have also updated the following SEC disclosure-related checklists through September 30, 2008:
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

-Financial Statement Disclosures - This checklist outlines the required SEC disclosures for financial statements included in 1934 and 1933 Act domestic filings that are incremental to U.S. GAAP. The checklist is organized by topic.

-Management's Discussion and Analysis - This checklist outlines the required SEC disclosures for MD&A included in 1934 and 1933 domestic filings, including Forms 10-K and S-1.

-Incremental Certifications, Disclosures, and Reporting Mandated by Sarbanes-Oxley - This checklist outlines the certification, disclosure and reporting requirements resulting from the SEC rules mandated by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The checklist provides a by-topic "tickler" and effective dates. It also provides a column for users to note implementation date.

-SEC Form 10-Q checklist - This checklist is for financial and nonfinancial information included in Form 10-Q and is organized by form item number.

Among the revisions we made to these checklists was to reference an illustrative letter issued by the SEC staff in September 2008 reflecting additional views on MD&A disclosure regarding the application of FASB Statement No. 157, Fair Value Measurements. Companies applying Statement 157 may find this guidance helpful in preparing their filings to the SEC.

See our Literature Updates for complete details.

Fair Value Measurements -- FASB and SEC Issue Guidance on the Application of Statement 157
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We have published a Hot Topic discussing the FASB's decision to issue, on an expedited basis, proposed guidance on the application of FASB Statement No. 157, Fair Value Measurements. Citing the current turmoil in the global financial markets, the FASB is expected to issue guidance to help constituents measure fair value in markets that are not active. This guidance is expected to be consistent with the press release issued jointly by the FASB and the SEC on September 30, 2008, which provides general clarification guidance on determining fair value under Statement 157.

The FASB's proposed guidance is expected to acknowledge the “best practices” provided in a draft document published by an expert panel of the IASB, Measuring and disclosing the fair value of financial instruments in markets that are no longer active. The FASB guidance is scheduled to be issued with an expected comment period of 7 days. The FASB indicated that it would meet on October 10, 2008, to review comments received and vote on final guidance. The guidance will be effective upon issuance.

On September 30, 2008, the FASB and SEC jointly issued clarifications on the fair value measurement guidance in Statement 157. This interpretive guidance is intended to help preparers, auditors, and investors address fair value measurement questions that have been cited as most urgent in the current environment. Specific questions addressed in the guidance are:

-Can management's internal assumptions (e.g., expected cash flows) be used to measure fair value when relevant market evidence does not exist?
-How should the use of "market" quotes (e.g., broker quotes or information from a pricing service) be considered when assessing the mix of information available to measure fair value?
-Are transactions that are determined to be disorderly representative of fair value? When is a distressed (disorderly) sale indicative of fair value?
-Can transactions in an inactive market affect fair value measurements?
-What factors should be considered in determining whether an investment is other-than-temporarily impaired?

See our Hot Topic for complete details.

Fair Value Measurements -- Minutes of September 23, 2008 Valuation Resource Group Meeting
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We have added minutes of the September 23, 2008 meeting of the Valuation Resource Group (VRG). The FASB established the VRG to provide the FASB with input on potential clarifying guidance on issues relating to the application of Statement 157. At the September 23, 2008 meeting, the VRG discussed the following topics:

-IASB expert advisory panel document, Measuring and Disclosing the Fair Value of Financial Instruments in Markets that are No Longer Active;
-Fair value disclosures;
-Observable vs. unobservable inputs;
-Fair value measurements of liabilities under Statement 157;
-Allocation of in-use valuation to individual unit of account;
-Fair value of accounts receivable, accounts payable, and other accrued liabilities;
-Identification and allocation of market participant synergies; and
-Fair value of a noncontrolling interest and a previously held equity interest.

See our minutes for complete details.

Regulation S-K -- SEC Publishes Technical Amendment to Reflect PCOAB Rule
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

The SEC has published a final rule, Technical Amendment to Item 407 of Regulation S-K. This rule includes a technical amendment to Item 407 of Regulation S-K. The technical amendment updates a reference to Independence Standards Board Standard (ISB) No. 1, Independence Discussions with Audit Committees, which was previously adopted by the PCAOB as an interim standard but has been superseded by PCAOB Rule 3526, Communication with Audit Committees Concerning Independence. The reference is being updated to refer to the applicable requirements of the PCAOB regarding the independent accountant’s communications with the audit committee concerning independence, instead of ISB 1.

This rule is effective September 30, 2008.

SEC Reporting -- SEC Staff Updates Exchange Act Compliance and Disclosure Interpretations

The SEC staff has released updates to the following compliance and disclosure interpretations:

-Exchange Act Sections;
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

-Exchange Act Rules; and
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

-Exchange Act Forms.
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These interpretations represent views of the staff of the Division of Corporation Finance on various topics related to compliance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Organized in a question and answer format, these interpretations cover a wide range of specific topics related to the registration of securities, as wells as, subsequent current, annual and quarterly reporting requirements. The interpretations also provide a limited number of interpretations applicable to foreign private issuers.

Acquisitions -- FASB to Discuss Mergers and Acquisitions by Not-for-Profits and Other Matters
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

As reported in its "Action Alert" publication, the FASB is scheduled to meet on October 8, 2008, and discuss mergers and acquisitions by a not-for-profit organization. Specifically, the FASB is expected to continue its discussion and decide whether to retain or modify the proposed requirements for: (a) initial recognition and measurement of acquisitions by not-for-profit organizations; and (b) subsequent accounting for any goodwill recognized as a result of an acquisition.

The FASB is also expected to meet on October 10, 2008, to discuss comments received on proposed guidance on measuring fair value in markets that are not active, and whether to proceed with issuing final guidance. See our discussion of this proposed guidance above.

As also reported in its Action Alert publication, the FASB is met on September 24, 2008, and discussed the following topics:

-Revenue recognition;
-Contingency disclosures;
-Mergers and acquisitions by a not-for-profit organization;
-Disclosures about plan assets; and
-Ratification of EITF decisions reached at its September 10, 2008 meeting.

In deliberating its "Revenue Recognition" project, the FASB discussed subsequent measurement of performance obligations in contracts with customers. Specifically, the FASB discussed the nature of an "onerous" test in the customer consideration approach to measuring performance obligations. It tentatively decided that a performance obligation is deemed onerous when the entity’s expected cost of performance exceeds the carrying amount of the performance obligation. In that case, the entity would remeasure the performance obligation at the amount of its expected cost to satisfy the performance obligation. The FASB is expected to issue a Discussion Paper in the fourth quarter of 2008 to seek constituents’ input on which performance obligations may require remeasurement at each financial statement date and on alternative remeasurement approaches for those performance obligations.

The FASB also discussed whether to require a different method of accounting for a merger of not-for-profit organizations than that required for an acquisition and, if so, how it should define a merger and clarify the proposed guidance. The FASB affirmed its prior tentative decision to distinguish between a merger and an acquisition, and also decided to improve the workability of the definition and its related guidance by:

-Clarifying the scope of the final Statement by explicitly scoping out formations of joint ventures and making the merger definition more robust; and
-Including a discussion that: (a) emphasizes that in a merger no one party dominates various aspects of the merger transaction; and (b) describes factors that are helpful in discerning a merger from other combination types.

The FASB chairman also announced that a project was added to the FASB’s agenda to consider whether a deferral of or any other modifications to FASB Interpretation (FIN) No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, should be provided for private companies.

EITF Matters -- September 10, 2008 Meeting Minutes Issued
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The final minutes of the September 10, 2008 EITF meeting have been issued. The minutes document the meeting results as previously described in our Hot Topic dated September 24, 2008. As a result of the FASB's ratification of its earlier decisions, the EITF has issued for public comment the following draft abstracts:

-EITF Issue 08-6, "Equity Method Investment Accounting Considerations";
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

-EITF Issue 08-7, "Accounting for Defensive Intangible Assets"; and
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

-EITF Issue 08-8, "Accounting for an Instrument (or an Embedded Feature) with a Settlement Amount That Is Based on the Stock of an Entity's Consolidated Subsidiary".
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

Comments on all three draft abstracts are due October 22, 2008.

The minutes also include revisions by the SEC staff to Topic No. D-98, "Classification and Measurement of Redeemable Securities."

Audit Risk -- AICPA Issues Audit Risk Alerts

The AICPA has issued the following three "Audit Risk Alert" publications:

-SEC and PCAOB Developments - 2008;
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

-General Alert: Strengthening Audit Integrity, Safeguarding Financial Reporting - 2008; and
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

-Compilation and Review Developments - 2008.
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

These publications are intended to provide auditors of financial statements with an overview of recent economic, industry, technical, regulatory, and professional developments that may affect the audits and other engagements they perform. These publications also includes a section discussing current and future rulemaking or other activities that may impact these particular areas in the near future.

IASB Update -- IASB Discusses Responses to Credit Market Crisis
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com


As reported in its "IASB Update" publication, the IASB met on September 15-19, 2008, and discussed the following projects or topics:

-IASB responses to credit market crisis;
-Annual improvements process;
-Extractive activities;
-Fair value measurement;
-Financial instruments with characteristics of equity;
-First-time adoption of IFRSs;
-IFRS for private entities (formerly small and medium-sized entities);
-Insurance contracts;
-Related party disclosures;
-Revenue recognition;
-Share-based payment; and
-Update on IFRIC activities.

Some of the documents listed above may not be accessible under your current subscription. For information about upgrading your subscription to include additional content, click here:
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

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AUDITING AND INTERNAL CONTROLS HEADLINES:
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Auditor Communications -- Auditing Standard on Communicating Internal Control Related Matters Issued
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

The AICPA has issued Statement on Auditing Standards (SAS) No. 115, Communicating Internal Control Related Matters in an Audit. This SAS provides guidance on communicating matters related to an entity’s internal control over financial reporting identified in an audit of financial statements. It is applicable whenever an auditor expresses or disclaims an opinion on financial statements. In particular, this statement:

-Defines the terms deficiency in internal control, significant deficiency, and material weakness;
-Provides guidance on evaluating the severity of deficiencies in internal control identified in an audit of financial statements; and
-Requires the auditor to communicate, in writing, to management and those charged with governance, significant deficiencies and material weaknesses identified in an audit.

This SAS is not applicable if the auditor is engaged to report on the effectiveness of an entity’s internal control over financial reporting under AT section 501, An Examination of an Entity’s Internal Control over Financial Reporting That Is Integrated with an Audit of Its Financial Statements.

This SAS is effective for audits of financial statements for periods ending on or after December 15, 2009. Earlier implementation is permitted.

Auditing Standards -- AICPA Publishes Exposure Draft of Preface to Codification of Auditing Standards and Objectives of the Independent Auditor
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

The AICPA has published for public comment within a single Exposure Draft the following proposals:

-Proposed Preface to Codification of Statements on Auditing Standards, Principles Governing an Audit Conducted in Accordance with Generally Accepted Auditing Standards;
-Proposed Statement on Auditing Standards (SAS), Overall Objectives of the Independent Auditor and the Conduct of an Audit in Accordance with Generally Accepted Auditing Standards.

The Preface has been drafted in accordance with the Auditing Standards Board's (ASB) clarity drafting conventions, consistent with the ASB's efforts to bring clarity to SASs. Consistent with the ASB’s strategy to converge its standards with those of the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB), the proposed SAS has been drafted using ISA 200 (Revised and Redrafted), Overall Objectives of the Independent Auditor and the Conduct of an Audit in Accordance with International Standards on Auditing, as a base. Differences in objectives, definitions, or requirements between the proposed SAS and ISA 200 are identified in the exhibit to the exposure draft.

The proposed SAS will be effective for audits of financial statements for periods beginning on or after December 15, 2010. This effective date is provisional but will not be earlier than December 15, 2010.

Comments on this proposal are due December 30, 2008.

Audit Risk -- AICPA Issues Audit Risk Alerts

As discussed above in our Accounting and SEC Summaries, the AICPA has issued the following three "Audit Risk Alert" publications:

-SEC and PCAOB Developments - 2008;
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

-General Alert: Strengthening Audit Integrity, Safeguarding Financial Reporting - 2008; and
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

-Compilation and Review Developments - 2008.
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

These publications are intended to provide auditors of financial statements with an overview of recent economic, industry, technical, regulatory, and professional developments that may affect the audits and other engagements they perform. These publications also includes a section discussing current and future rulemaking or other activities that may impact these particular areas in the near future.

Internal Controls -- AICPA Issues Standard on Examination of an Entity's Internal Control over Financial Reporting
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com

The AICPA has issued Statement on Standards for Attestation Engagements (SSAE) No. 15, An Examination of an Entity's Internal Control over Financial Reporting That Is Integrated with an Audit of Its Financial Statements. This SSAE provides guidance that applies when a practitioner is engaged to perform an examination of the design and operating effectiveness of an entity’s internal control over financial reporting that is integrated with an audit of financial statements. This SSAE includes guidance in the following areas:

-Evidence supporting management's assertion;
-Integrating the examination with the financial statement audit;
-Planning the examination;
-Role of risk assessment;
-Using the work of others;
-Using a top-down approach;
-Testing controls;
-Evaluating identified deficiencies;
-Concluding procedures;
-Communicating certain matters; and
-Reporting on internal controls.

This SSAE also includes several examples of auditor opinions on internal controls over financial reporting.

This SSAE is effective for integrated audits for periods ending on or after December 15, 2008. Earlier implementation is permitted.

Some of the documents listed above may not be accessible under your current subscription. For information about upgrading your subscription to include additional content, click here:
For detail, please contact info@zy-cpa.com